Beyond Hardin’s Tragedy: The Role of Communication, Trust, and Repeated Interaction in Formulating Solutions to Right-to-Cultivate Agrarian Conflict in East Lombok
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Abstract
Agrarian conflicts involving Rights to Cultivate (Hak Guna Usaha, HGU) in Indonesia demonstrate that disputes over the control of shared resources cannot always be adequately explained by Garrett Hardin’s tragedy-of-the-commons assumption. This study examines the role of communication, trust, and repeated interaction in formulating solutions to the HGU agrarian conflict between the Sembalun Village community and PT Sembalun Kusuma Emas (SKE) in East Lombok. The study employs a socio-legal method with a qualitative approach based on library research and documentary analysis of legislation, dispute documents, scholarly articles, and relevant news sources. The analysis shows that conflict resolution cannot rely solely on formal legality and litigation; it must also incorporate deliberative communication, information transparency, trust building, and sustained interaction among the parties. These elements may provide the foundation for collaborative institutional mechanisms and self-governance in the management of common-pool resources (CPRs). The study concludes that HGU conflict resolution oriented toward substantive justice and sustainability requires the integration of formal legal mechanisms with social mechanisms that enable ongoing communication, trust building, monitoring, and evaluation.
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